The powerful Bronze Age kingdoms of Babylonia, Assyria and Elam have been overthrown or greatly weakened by the incursion of Aramaean and other nomadic peoples into Mesopotamia. Amongst these, a semi-nomadic people called the Chaldeans have settled southern Mesopotamia, the ancient heartland of the Sumerians. Elam has been destroyed by incoming Iranian peoples. Assyria was almost overrun, and has only managed to remain in existence by turning itself into a more militaristic state.
Related Timelines:
Timeline of Middle East History
Timeline of World History