By now the southward movement of the Bantu peoples has reached its full momentum. This expansion seems to have followed two lines of movement, one to the west, through the Congo and down into the grasslands of Namibia, and the other through east Africa and now approaching southern Africa. The hunter-gatherers they encounter are either eliminated or pushed into the denser forests areas or the more arid lands. The speed of the Bantu movement is startling, and in the van there must be mobile bands of colonists who seek out the best farmland, farm it for a few years, and then move on.
Meanwhile, the north coast of Africa has passed into the Roman sphere, either as outright provinces, as in the case of Egypt, or as client tribes, like the Mauritanians to the west.
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